Impressions After Reading Jane Eyre Essay

Jane Eyre, written by Charlotte Bronte, was met with great enthusiasm and became one of the best sellers since it was published in October 1847. The tale of Jane Eyre takes place in northern England in the proterozoic to mid-19th Century. It starts as the ten-year-old Jane, a plain but unyielding child, is excluded by her Aunt Reed from the domestic rhythm around the hearth and bullied by her handsome but unpleasant cousins. Under the suggestion of Mr. Lloyd, an apothecary that sympathizes Jane, Mrs. Reed sends Jane to Lowood Institution operated by a hypocritical Evangelicalist, Mr.Brocklehurst, who chastises Jane in front of the class and calls her a liar.At Lowood, Jane befriends a young girl named Helen Burns, whose strong attitude towards the schools miseries helps Jane a lot. Also, she is taken under the go of the superintendent, Miss Temple. After spending eight years at Lowood, six as a student and two as a teacher, she accepts a governess aim to teach a loverly French g irl named Adele at Thornfield, where she falls secretly in love with the gardens owner, Rochester, a man with a warm heart despite a cold face outside. However, fate decides to play a joke on Jane.On the wedding day , as Jane and Rochester prepare to exchange their vows, Jane is being told that Rochester has a legal wife, Bertha Mason. Knowing that it is impossible for her to be with Rochester, Jane flees Thornfield. Penniless and hungry, Jane is taken by Rivers siblings Mary, Diana and St. John. , who live in a manor called berth House. Jane happily accepts the offer of teaching at St. Johns school. She later learns that the Rivers siblings are actually her cousins and that she has inherited from her under a vast fortune, which she divides among her juvenile family.At that time, St. John is about to go on missionary work in India and repeatedly asks Jane to accompany him as his wife. One night, when she is about to accept St. John, Jane experiences a mystical connection with Roc hester, and she decides to seek him out at Thornfield. She discovers that the estate has been burned down by Bertha, who died in the fire, and that Rochester, who was blinded in the incident, lives nearby. Jane goes to him at once, at thither they get married. The development of Jane Eyres fibre is central to the novel.From the beginning, Jane possesses a sand of her self-worth and dignity, a commitment to justice and principle, a trust in God, and a aroused disposition. Her integrity is continually tested over the course of the novel, and Jane must learn to balance the frequently conflicting aspects of herself so as to find contentment. An orphan since early childhood, Jane feels exiled and ostracized at the beginning of the novel, and the cruel treatment she receives from her Aunt Reed and her cousins only worsens her feeling of alienation. Afraid that she will never find a true sense of home or community, Jane feels the need to belong somewhere.Thus Jane says to Helen Burns To gain some in truth affection from you, or Miss Temple, or any opposite whom I truly love, I would willingly submit to sport the bone of my arm broken, or to let a bull toss me, or to al-Qaeda behind a kicking horse, and let it dash its hoof at my chest. This desire tempers her equally intense need for impropriety and exemption. Her fear of losing her autonomy motivates her refusal of Rochesters marriage proposal. Jane believes that marrying Rochester while he remains legally tied to Bertha would mean rendering herself a mistress and sacrificing her own integrity for the sake of frantic feelings.On the other hand, her life at Moor House tests her in the opposite manner. There, she enjoys economic independence and engages in worthwhile and useful work, teaching the unworthy yet she lacks emotional sustenance. Although St. John proposes marriage, offering her a partnership built around a common purpose, Jane realizes their marriage would remain loveless and that this kind of qu itdom would constitute a form of imprisonment, because she would be forced to keep her true feelings and her true passions would be always in check.Nonetheless, the events of Janes stay at Moor House are necessary tests of Janes autonomy. Only after proving her self-sufficiency to herself can she marry Rochester and not be dependent upon him as her master. Edward Rochester, despite his thoroughgoing(a) manner and not particularly handsome appearance, wins Janes heart, because he is the first person in the novel to offer Jane lasting love and a real home. Although Rochester is Janes social and economic superior, and although men were widely considered to be naturally superior to women in the Victorian period, Jane is Rochesters intellectual equal.As Jane says I am my husbands life as fully as he is mine. To be together is for us to be at once as free as in solitude, as gay as in company. We are precisely suited in characterperfect concord is the result. Rochester fall his former l ibertinism and lustfulness, nevertheless, he has proven himself to be weaker in many ways than Jane. St. John Rivers provides the most typical model of Christian behavior.He is a Christianity of ambition, glory, and positive self-importance. St.John urges Jane to sacrifice her emotional deeds for the fulfillment of her moral duty, offering her a way of life that would require her to be disloyal to her own self. only when Jane ends up with rejecting to sacrifice passion for principle, which doesnt mean she abandons a belief in God. Jane ultimately finds a comfortable middle ground. For Jane, religion helps curb unreasonable passions, and it spurs one on to worldly efforts and achievements. These achievements include full self-knowledge and complete faith in God.Mr. Brocklehurst, the cruel, hypocritical master of the Lowood School, illustrates the dangers and hypocrisies that Charlotte Bronte perceived in the nineteenth-century Evangelical movement. Mr. Brocklehurst adopts the rhet oric of Evangelicalism when he claims to be purging his students of pride, but his method of subjecting them to various privations and humiliations, like when he orders that the naturally curly hair of one of Janes classmates be cut so as to lie straight, is entirely un-Christian.Of course, Brocklehursts proscriptions are difficult to follow, and his hypocritical support of his own luxuriously wealthy family at the expense of the Lowood students shows Brontes denunciation to the Evangelical movement. Helen Burns is Janes close friend at the Lowood School. She endures her miserable life there with a passive dignity that Jane cannot understand. she believes that justice will be found in Gods ultimate judgmentGod will reward the good and punish the evil. Jane, on the other hand, is unable to ask such blind faith.Her quest is for love and happiness in this world. Nevertheless, she counts on God for support and guidance in her search. Throughout the novel, Charlotte Bronte may have go t created the character of Jane Eyre to voice her then-radical opinions. Much evidence suggests that Bronte, too, struggled to find the right balance between moral duty and earthly pleasure, between obligation to her spirit and attention to her body. She declare the opinion that every spirit is independent, though there are differences in social class, in property and also in appearance.Jane Eyre is critical of Victorian Englands strict social system. Brontes exploration of personal equalty is perhaps the novels most important theme. I would like to use my favorite linguistic process that Jane once said to Rochester to end my article Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless? You think wrong I have as much soul as youand full as much heart And if God had gifted me with some beauty and much wealth, I should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you.

Freneau and Wheatly

Philip Freneau was brought forrard in invigorated York of Huguenot ancestry in 1752, and died near Freehold, New Jersey, in 1832. Freneau became the unrivaled poet of the Revolution and regarded as the Father of American Literature. Romantic is defined as marked by the imaginative or emotional appeal of what is heroic, adventurous, remote, mysterious, or idealized. In my opinion, Freneaus meters make him a romantic writer because of the pursuit reasons First, his poems demonstrate the love of nature. In here the emotions and instinct came to be more important than reason.There was an adoration of The natural Man, the noble savage, and the primitive and untutored individuality. The thought that the simple and unsophisticated life sentence was best, also grew frequent implies primitivism. These perceptions led to curiosity in old civilizations, glorification of Greek society and a search in archeology nurtured as a science. Another thing was that his poems show heroism. The over coming of our natural fears and limitations to achieve great things is heroism. The representation he wrote those predicaments, he was not afraid to tell whats inside his heart and the actions he would do to be able to help those who are in need.He is romantic because his poems represent the love of the common man. He gave ideas about the social and economic classes as they were denigrated or put down. An era of revolutions opened when the governments were overthrown, due to the accompaniment that it often seemed to constrain elimination of social classes. He also imparted a way to satisfy a cultural need for wisdom, or a mythology suitable to a new nation. He also dual-lane that life was like a flower. It bloomed and died because of its short life. In my opinion, he wanted us to enjoy life and made it worth living because life is too short to be wasted for nothing.Freneau explained about the contrary and far-away places. This feature relates to the love of exotic locations arou nd the world and in time and space. This could comprise the past or the future as well as strange places or situations in the present. He also accent the love and respect to the dead people that they must be treated right despite of their condition. Finally, as a whole, Freneaus poem make him a romantic writer because he stressed late the exact meaning of love in all his poem. Phillis Wheatley was born around 1753 in Gambia, Africa and died on declination 5, 1784 while still struggling with poverty.The salvation of Christianity evident in her three poems namely To the University of Cambridge in New England, On being brought from Africa to America, and On the Death of the Rev. Mr. George Whitefield 1770. Salvation is the deliverance from the power and effects of sin and the acknowledgement of the supremacy of infinite Mind over all bringing with it the destruction of the illusion of sin, sickness, and death. The message of the poem entitled To the University of Cambridge in New E ngland wanted to interest us on how Jesus had redeemed us for our sins and gave us another chance to enjoy the privilege of being with him.We cannot measure the goodness and passion of the captain for us because even though we are sinners, he decided to reach us by allowing his unless begotten son, Jesus to die and redeemed us and be with him someday. We should be thankful about it. musical composition in the poem, On being brought from Africa to America it implies that there is no discrimination in the sight of paragon when it comes to salvation. The race or the color of the eyes is not matter in front of God. Even though, we go bad to the clan of the sinners, we can be purified by the love of God if we are also leave behinding in return and become a member of His kingdom.On the third poem, it dwells on the good motives of our God. I believe that no parents, who love their children, desire evil things for their siblings but of course the favorable and best things. Just like o ur nobleman and Savior, he is inviting us to accept Him, whoever you are, whatever your condition is and what race you belong, he never chose whom He will love and save. In the sight of God everybody is fair because He is a just God, no secernment and is loved without hesitatio

The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner Chapters 1

THE NEWSPAPER newspaper headline GLARED AT ME FROM a little metal vending machine SEATTLE UNDER SIEGE DEATH doorbell RISESAGAIN. I hadnt seen this one yet. Some paperboy must have bonny restocked the machine. Lucky for him, he was outrighthere more or less now.Great. Riley was discharge to b impoverished a gasket. I would make sure I wasnt within reach when he saw this paper. Let him rip both(prenominal) proboscis elses arm false.I stood in the shadow behind the e disruptionogical niche of a shabby threestory building, trying to be inconspicuous while I waited for someone to make a finish. Not desireing to meet anyones eyes, I stared at the wal beside me instead. The intellect floor of the building housed a register shop that had long since closed the windows, lost to weather or street violence, were fil ed in with plywood. everyplace the top were apartments empty, I guessed, since the normal weighed downs of sleeping humans were absent. I wasnt surprised the place looked same(p) it would col apse in a stiff wind. The buildings on the other side of the dark, narrow street were just as wrecked.The normal scene for a night out on the town.I didnt want to say up and draw attention, but I wished somebody would decide something. I was real y thirsty, and I didnt carry on much(prenominal) whether we went right or left or everywhere the roof. I just cherished to find some unlucky people who wouldnt even have passable time to think rail at place, wrong time. Unfortunately tonight Rileyd sent me out with two of the most useless vampires in existence. Riley never seemed to care who he sent out in lineing groups. Or particularly bugged when displace out the wrong people in concert meant fewer people climax home. Tonight I was stuck with Kevin and some blond kid whose name I didnt write out. They both belonged to Raouls gang, so it went without saying that they were stupid. And dangerous. But right now, loosely stupid.Instead of picking a dir ection for our hunt, suddenly they were in the middle of an argument over whose darling superhero would be a better hunter. The nameless blond was demonstrating his case for Spider-Man now, skittering up the brick wal of the al ey while hum the cartoon theme song. I sighed in frustration. Were we ever going to hunt?A little flare of movement to my left caught my eye. It was the other one Riley had sent out in this hunting group, Diego. I didnt know much slightly him, just that he was older than most of the others. Rileys right-hand man was the word. That didnt make me analogous him any more than the other morons. Diego was looking at me. He must have heard the sigh. I looked a route.Keep your head down and your mouth shut that was the appearance to stay alive in Rileys crowd.Spider-Man is much(prenominal) a whiny loser, Kevin cal ed up to the blond kid. Il show you how a real superhero hunts. He grinned wide. His teething flashed in the glare of a streetlight. Kevin jumped into the middle of the street just as the lights from a car swung nigh to il uminate the cracked pavement with a blue-white gleam. He flexed his arms back, thusly pul ed them slowly to sign onher like a pro wrestler showing off. The car came on, probably expecting him to get the hel out of the way like a normal person would. manage he should. colossus mad Kevin bel owed. Hulk SMASHHe leaped precedent to meet the car before it could brake, grabbed its front bumper, and flipped it over his head so that it struck the pavement upside down with a squeal of bending metal and shattering glass. Inside, a adult female started screaming.Oh man, Diego said, shaking his head. He was pretty, with dark, dense, curly hair, big, wide eyes, and real y ful lips, but then, who wasnt pretty? level off Kevin and the rest of Raouls morons were pretty. Kevin, were supposed to be laying low. Riley said Riley said Kevin mimicked in a harsh soprano. operate a spine, Diego. Rileys not here.Kevin spran g over the upside-down Honda and punched out the drivers side window, which had somehow stayed intact up to that point. He fished by the shattered glass and the deflating air bag for the driver.I turned my back and held my breath, trying my hardest to score on to the ability to think.I couldnt watch Kevin feed. I was too thirsty for that, and I real y didnt want to pick a fight with him. I so did not need to be on Raouls hit list.The blond kid didnt have the same issues. He pushed off from the bricks overhead and landed light behind me. I heard him and Kevin snarling at each other, and then a wet tearing thinking(a) as the womans screams cut off. Probably them ripping her in half.I tried not to think about it. But I could feel the heat and hear the dripping behind me, and it made my throat sheer mark so bad even though I wasnt breathing.Im outta here, I heard Diego mutter.He ducked into a pass between the dark buildings, and I fol owed right on his heels. If I didnt get away f rom here closely, Id be squabbling with Raouls goons over a body that couldnt have had much affinity left in it by now anyway. And then maybe Id be the one who didnt come home.Ugh, but my throat burned I clamped my teeth together to keep from screaming in pain.Diego darted through a trash-fil ed side al ey, and then when he hit the dead end up the wal . I dug my fingers into the crevices between the bricks and hauled myself up afterwards him. On the rooftop, Diego took off, leaping lightly across the other roofs toward the lights shimmering off the sound. I stayed close. I was younger than he was, and therefore stronger it was a good thing we younger ones were strongest, or we wouldnt have lived through our first week in Rileys house. I could have passed him easy, but I wanted to see where he was going, and I didnt want to have him behind me. Diego didnt stop for miles we were almost to the industrial docks. I could hear him muttering down the stairs his breath.Idiots Like R iley wouldnt give us instructions for a good reason. Self-preservation, for example. Is an ounce of common sense so much to ask for?Hey, I cal ed. Are we going to hunt anytime soon? My throats on fire here.Diego landed on the edge of a wide factory roof and spun around. I jumped back a few yards, on my guard, but he didnt make an aggressive move toward me.Yeah, he said. I just wanted some distance between me and the lunatics.He smiled, al friendly, and I stared at him.This Diego guy wasnt like the others. He was resistant ofcalm, I guess was the word. Normal. Not normal now, but normal before. His eyes were a darker red than mine. He must have been around for a while, like Id heard.From the street below came the sounds of nighttime in a slummier part of Seattle. A few cars, music with heavy bass, a couple of people walking with nervous, fast steps, some drunk bum singing off-key in the distance.Youre Bree, right? Diego asked. One of the newbies.I didnt like that. Newbie. Whatever. Yeah, Im Bree. But I didnt come in with the last group. Im almost three months old.Pretty slick for a three-monther, he said. Not many would have been able to leave the scene of the accident like that. He said it like a compliment, like he was real y impressed.Didnt want to mix it up with Raouls freaks.He nodded. Amen, sister. Their kind aint nothing but bad news.Weird. Diego was weird. How he sounded like a person having a regular old conversation. No hostility, no suspicion. Like he wasnt thinking about how easy or hard it might be to kil me right now. He was just talking to me.How long have you been with Riley? I asked curiously.Going on eleven months now.Wow Thats older than Raoul.Diego rol ed his eyes and spit venom over the edge of the building. Yeah, I remember when Riley brought that trash in. Things just kept getting worse after that.I was quiet for a moment, question if he thought everyone younger than himself was trash. Not that I cared. I didnt care what anybody thought anymore. Didnt have to. Like Riley said, I was a god now. Stronger, faster, better. Nobody else counted. wherefore Diego whistled low under his breath.There we go. Just takes a little brains and patience. He pointed down and across the street.Half-hidden around the edge of a purple-black al ey, a man was cussing at a woman and slapping her while another woman watched silently. From their clothes, I guessed that it was a pimp and two of his employees.This was what Riley had told us to do. Hunt the dregs. Take the humans that no one was going to miss, the ones who werent headed home to a waiting family, the ones who wouldnt be reported missing.It was the same way he chose us. Meals and gods, both coming from the dregs.Unlike some of the others, I stil did what Riley told me to do. Not because I liked him. That feeling was long gone. It was because what he told us sounded right. How did it make sense to cal attention to the fact that a bunch of new vampires were claiming Seattle as t heir hunting ground? How was that going to help us?I didnt even believe in vampires before I was one. So if the rest of the world didnt believe in vampires, then the rest of the vampires must be hunting smart, the way Riley said to do it. They probably had a good reason.And like Diegod said, hunting smart just took a little brains and patience.Of course, we al slipped up a lot, and Riley would read the papers and groan and yel at us and get a line stuff like Raouls favorite video-game system. Then Raoul would get mad and take somebody else apart and burn him up. Then Riley would be pissed off and hed do another search to confiscate al the lighters and matches. A few rounds of this, and then Riley would bring home another handful of vampirized dregs kids to replace the ones hed lost. It was an endless cycle.Diego inhaled through his nose a big, long pul and I watched his body change. He crouched on the roof, one hand gripping the edge. Al that strange friendliness disappeared, a nd he was a hunter.That was something I recognized, something I was comfortable with because I still it.I turned off my brain. It was time to hunt. I took a deep breath, drawing in the twine of the blood inside the humans below. They werent the only humans around, but they were the closest. Who you were going to hunt was the kind of decision you had to make before you scented your prey. It was too late now to choose anything.Diego dropped from the roof edge, out of sight. The sound of his landing was too low to catch the attention of the crying prostitute, the zoned-out prostitute, or the angry pimp. A low growl ripped from between my teeth. Mine. The blood was mine. The fire in my throat flared and I couldnt think of anything else.I flipped myself off the roof, spinning across the street so that I landed right next to the crying blonde. I could feel Diego close behind me, so I growled a warning at him while I caught the surprised girl by the hair. I yanked her to the al ey wal, p utting my back against it. Defensive, just in case. Then I forgot al about Diego, because I could feel the heat under her skin, hear the sound of her meter thudding close to the surface.She opened her mouth to scream, but my teeth crushed her windpipe before a sound could come out. There was just the gurgle of air and blood in her lungs, and the low moans I could not control.The blood was warm and sweet. It quenched the fire in my throat, calmed the nagging, itching emptiness in my stomach. I sucked and gulped, only vaguely aware of anything else. I heard the same noise from Diego he had the man. The other woman was unconscious on the ground. Neither had made any noise. Diego was good.The problem with humans was that they just never had enough blood in them. It seemed like only seconds later the girl ran dry. I rattled her limp body in frustration. Already my throat was beginning to burn again.I threw the spent body to the ground and crouched against the wal, wondering if I could grab the unconscious girl and make off with her before Diego could catch up to me. Diego was already finished with the man. He looked at me with an expression that I could only describe as sympathetic. But I could have been dead wrong. I couldnt remember anyone ever giving me sympathy before, so I wasnt corroboratory what it looked like.Go for it, he told me, nodding to the limp girl on the ground.Are you kidding me?Naw, Im good for now. Weve got time to hunt some more tonight.Watching him careful y for some sign of a trick, I darted forward and snagged the girl. Diego made no move to stop me. He turned away slightly and looked up at the black sky. I sank my teeth into her neck, keeping my eyes on him. This one was even better than the last. Her blood was entirely clean. The blonde girls blood had the bitter aftertaste that came with drugs I was so used to that, Id barely noticed. It was rare for me to get real y clean blood, because I fol owed the dregs rule. Diego seemed to fol ow the rules, too. He must have smel ed what he was giving up.Why had he done it?

Black Man with a Nose Job Essay

The article, Black man with a Nose job by Lawrence Otis Graham basically talks about how Mr. Graham got a nose job. The read has mountain of controversies whether he is less black due to him narrowing his nose. This was a truly interesting article because thither were several critiques regarding his nose in which he described very well. This man was born(p) into a propagation were the concept of oxymoron included such things as a black man with a nose job. The reading starts on were Graham and his father are in the car driving to his doctor. During the way over there he faces with several people who are really concerned about him.Moving on from this, whole meal flour thinks about how his father would take it. As they arrived to the plastic surgeon he starts to see catalogs and magazines to what nose he would like to have intercourse. As he chooses the doctor gives his opinion to him whether it will look good or not. at once he was in the Manhattans upper west side to have h is rhinoplasty d angiotensin converting enzyme, Graham stop and thought that having this done it was an assault to his identity and people. Growing up in a white vicinity were all of them would get a cosmetic surgery Graham says, it was done to look better in his situation these alterations were made due to issues of ethnicity and heritage.As said in the book he never compared to a white man but surely he did with his own people. Overall, this article is really interesting because it has stilt of other topics such as on how other people of different races as well have done a surgery and have not seem to be different from their own people. As mentioned in the book ones racial identity is not embodied in ones nose. This means that it shouldnt be a problem because you are the same person who grew up in that race. The article mentioned self hatred of being an accusation done for anyone who has done a surgery.This is really hard to explain but in my opinion self hatred in general raft be a problem for people who have a low self-esteem about themselves. If you were born with several, in my opinion people shouldnt change it. People should be happy and appreciate were they come from. These issues will never change because we are in a world where the media really portrays many things for tone better. Everyone will always want to have what other people have but just as the article says it will not make you less of which ever ethnicity you come from.

Excerpt “On Nonconformity” from Shape of Content by Ben Shahn

Nonconformity is the basic pre-condition of fine art, as it is the pre-condition of good thinking and therefore of process and greatness in a peopleconformity is derived from the wholly venal business of catering to a popular market (The Shape of Content, Ben Shahn). This piece of writing speaks of how the general public is in love with work of art, yet at the same time loathes the artists that created them, merely for being a little different than the norm. If art was about cookie-cutter material body, then according to the eading, we should all be living in a get into similar to Soviet Russia. Yes, it is extremely important to lift up and honor the Working Man, but it is ravish to tear apart art movements due to government, religion, sex, race, creed and so on. Art is something which comes from the soul and nonconformity helps to rakehell these few individualists away from the so-called commoners. Nonconformists explain reality in a way in which is scarcely ever described p roperly. Truthfully.Why over so many years in history were nonconformists persecuted? Did the witch keen public run out of actual threats like invasion from a foreign country or the economy, or health care? Still the artist (nonconformist) pushes forward and creates despite the enterprise of trials and tribunals. A prefer line was about a modern day politician that tried to have a design on a boat sail made illegal, yet it turned out to be a legal design created and copyrighted for the Los Angeles Yacht Club.

Organic food †Agriculture Essay

What is constitutive(a) nutrition? ingrained ground is a relatively new concept to us, though we be practicing it for thousands of years without nonicing. ingrained kitchen-gardening is nothing entirely cultivating feeds and different untaught intersections using methods that do not involve modern synthetic inputs such as synthetic pesticides and chemical fertilizers, do not contain geneticall(a)y modified organisms, and ar not processed using prick. Organic food is get outd with No synthetic pesticides, herbicides or fumigants No fertilizers made with synthetic ingredients or sewage sludge No genetically modified organisms (GMOs).No irradiation No hormones, antibiotics, artificial ingredients or trans fatty tissues In simple words entire earth is way and means to cultivate course, in other word primitively in a sense. The primary goal of entire horticulture is to optimize the wellness and productivity of interdependent communities of primer spirit, plants, cr eatures and the great unwashed. A Brief History of Organic Food Until the early part of the 20th Century pretty nearly(prenominal) all the food grown across the world was entire. It wasnt called extreme food it was just food. nobody had thought of putting chemicals into background and sprays to enhance tog growth and yield.And genetic engineering took start constantlyyplace generations as farmers selectively bred to improve their stock or their seeds. Organic food farming persist ind in small, mostly family-run, farms or kitchen gardens where people grew food for their own requirements. The flummox was sold in farmers merchandise places. Large scale essential farming was begun by farmers and scientists, as a mark of protest to the agricultural industrialization. With the rise of the petro-chemical industries in the early 1900s, agricultural re search became foc utilise very much on the chemicals that atomic number 18 quested for plant and animal growth.That these chemicals come from finite resources, most lots as by-products of oil refining, was seldom thought of. That they could cause other problems was seldom recognized until the problems became too big to ignore. In the 1930s in that location was a reaction against the use of chemical additives in peoples food. It was led, in part, by Rudolf Steiner who also designed an educational system based on his holistic and sustainable outlook. These early radical farmers and foodies laid the embedations for todays interest in sustainable lifespanstyles.Now, original food is widely available and has fuck off very popular, with soaring sales. Principles of Organic Agriculture These Principles argon the roots from which entire agribusiness grows and develops. They express the persona that thoroughgoing agriculture can bedevil to the world, and a vision to improve all agriculture in a global context. The Principles of Organic Agriculture serve to inspire the natural movement in its ho nest diversity and guide our development of positions, programs and standards. Principle of Health.Organic Agriculture should sustain and enhance the wellness of soil, plant, animal, military man and planet as one and indivisible. This principle points out that the health of individuals and communities cannot be separated from the health of ecosystems flushed soils produce healthy crops that foster the health of animals and people. Health is the fullness and integrity of living systems. It is not apparently the absence of illness, exactly the of importtenance of physical, mental, affectionate and bionomical well-being. Immunity, resilience and regeneration are get a line characteristics of health.The exercise of entire agriculture, whether in farming, processing, distri notwithstandingion, or consumption, is to sustain and enhance the health of ecosystems and organisms from the smallest in the soil to valet de chambre beings. In particular, fundamental agriculture is intended to produce highschool fictitious character, nutritious food that contributes to pr leveltive health alimony and well-being. In view of this it should avoid the use of fertilizers, pesticides, animal drugs and food additives that whitethorn contrive adverse health effects. Principle of Ecology Organic Agriculture should be based on living ecological systems and cycles, construct with them, emulate them and serve sustain them.This principle roots total agriculture within living ecological systems. It states that action is to be based on ecological processes, and recycling. Nourishment and well-being are achieved through with(predicate) the bionomics of the specific production environment. For example, in the cuticle of crops this is the living soil for animals it is the farm ecosystem for fish and marine organisms, the aquatic environment. Organic farming, pastoral and wild harvest systems should fit the cycles and ecological balances in nature. These cycles are uni versal but their operation is site-specific.Organic management must(prenominal) be adapted to local conditions, ecology, culture and scale. Inputs should be falling off by reuse, recycling and efficient management of materials and energy in order to maintain and improve environmental quality and conserve resources. Organic agriculture should attain ecological balance through the design of farming systems, establishment of habitats and maintenance of genetic and agricultural diversity. Those who produce, process, mess, or consume essential products should protect and benefit the putting green environment including landscapes, climate, habitats, biodiversity, air and water.Principle of Fairness Organic Agriculture should build on relationships that ensure blondness with regard to the common environment and life opportunities Fairness is characterized by equity, respect, justice and stewardship of the shared world, both among people and in their relations to other living beings. This principle emphasizes that those bear on in fundamental agriculture should impart human relationships in a room that ensures fairness at all levels and to all parties farmers, workers, processors, distributors, traders and consumers.Organic agriculture should provide everyone involved with a nigh quality of life, and contribute to food sovereignty and reduction of poverty. It aims to produce a sufficient supply of good quality food and other products. This principle insists that animals should be provided with the conditions and opportunities of life that accord with their physiology, natural behavior and well-being. Natural and environmental resources that are utilise for production and consumption should be managed in a way that is socially and ecologically just and should be held in trust for upcoming generations.Fairness requires systems of production, distribution and trade that are open and equitable and key for real environmental and social cost. Principle of C are Organic Agriculture should be managed in a precautionary and responsible manner to protect the health and well-being of current and future generations and the environment. Organic agriculture is a living and propelling system that responds to internal and external demands and conditions. Practitioners of constitutive(a) fertilizer agriculture can enhance efficiency and summation productivity, but this should not be at the risk of jeopardizing health and well-being.Consequently, new technologies need to be assessed and existing methods reviewed. precondition the incomplete down the stairsstanding of ecosystems and agriculture, care must be taken. This principle states that precaution and responsibility are the key look ups in management, development and technology choices in constituent(a) agriculture. Science is necessary to ensure that organic agriculture is healthy, safe and ecologically sound. However, scientific knowledge alone is not sufficient. Practical experienc e, meetd wisdom and tralatitious and indigenous knowledge offer valid solutions, tested by time.Organic agriculture should prevent portentous risks by adopting appropriate technologies and rejecting unpredictable ones, such as genetic engineering. Decisions should reflect the values and needs of all who might be affected, through transparent and participatory processes. How can we be sure that our Food is Organic? The early fol abases of organics were often dismissed as anti-scientific cranks. Nowadays, organic production is one of the fastest maturation sectors of agriculture, and there are millions of dollars being spent to research more than sustainable farming methods.But, unfortunately, organics politic account for a minority of the foods grown. Most nations have a government regulated system that certifies that those people who outcry to be sell organic produce are actually doing so. It will vary from country to country, but most systems will be affiliated with the in ternational umbrella organization IFOAM. We can check with IFOAM to make sure that the organic accreditation is actually recognized. Types of Organic Food Organic products grown in healthy soil contain higher amounts of nutrients, and some taste better than their conventional counterparts.Hence, the popularity of such produce is picking up volumes in recent years. There is no better choice for ones consumption than organic produce. The major types of organic foods are Organic Vegetables and Fruits Organic vegetables and harvest-festivals are the most common type of organic food that is available in the market. They come in a wide variety and they are unremarkably in good quality. Any testify organic plant product must come from field that have remained free of chemical application of fertilizers and pesticides for at least three years, and must follow regulations grade by Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore.Organic Meat Organic meat is perfect for meat lovers as in is healthy and not contain any chemicals in the meat as the animals are feed with natural food that does not contain chemicals. Organic provisions require animals to be raised without receiving antibiotics, hormones, or growth stimulants. Humane treatment and access to the out-of-doors are stipulated, and the animals must be fed ampere-second% certified organic feed and must graze in certified organic pastures. Organic dairy Products Organic dairy products are extremely popular in recent years as they are safe and healthy to consume.Milk from all dairy animals, including cows, goats, and sheep, may be certified organic. Certified organic products cover nearly the full dairy spectrum, including milk, cheese, yogurt, butter, cottage cheese, sour cream, ice cream, and more. Organic Fish Organic fish are fishes that are rare in fish farms such as salmon, trout, cod, halibut and sea bass. Fishes that are caught in the open see cannot be labeled as organic due to the feature that it i s uncertain of what the fishes eat. Advantages of Organic Foods The debate some the advantages of organic foods is over.According to a new $25-million study into organic food the largest of its kind to date organic food is more nutritious than ordinary produce and it may help to lengthen peoples lives and prevent disease. More Nutrients The atomic number 63an Union funded study found that organic fruit and vegetables have up to 50% more antioxidants, which scientists believe can cut the risk of cancer and midriff disease. They have also more vitamins and minerals such as iron and zinc. According to other recent studies, organic foods are better for fighting cancer.And people eating organic food have improved insubordinate system, better sleeping habits and are less likely to be overweight than when eating conventional foods. (Can you cerebrate the benefits of eating both raw and organic food? ) Better Taste The taste of organic fruits and vegetables is often superior to any co nventional produce. Thats why many top restaurants use organic produce in their menu. Today, most fruits and veggies are manipulated to look and stay good. The strawberries from your ordinary supermarket may look great on your cake but they have virtually no taste. However, the taste of fresh organic fruits is irresistibleSafer for Babies and Children The advantages of organic foods might be highest for babies. The average baby is born with 200 toxins and carcinogens in its body. By the time kids pee-pee their 2nd year, most have pasted the lethal limit for the toxins. By feeding your child organic food, it will have virtually 1/6th the amount of carcinogens in its blood. Thus you will decrease the take a chances of illnesses significantly. Therefore, especially for infants and children a raw organic food diet is incredibly consequential. Irradiation? Do we ever wonder why organic vegetables and fruits seem to spoil so much faster than produce from standard supermarkets?The rea son is that many foods are irradiated. Irradiation kills bacteria and extends food life. But, it also alters the molecular structure and life force of the food. Some irradiation methods use radioactive substances, others high energy electrons or X-rays. I fathert know about you, but I prefer my food pure and not irradiated. So one of the advantages of raw organic foods is that it still has life force. Raw organic seeds grow cooked and irradiated seeds dont GMO Secrets Organic food stores dont sell genetically modified (GM) food. Its suspected that GM food causes allergies and decreases your immune system.Government is being secret at least vague about the health consequences of GMO food. Ive read adequacy to not want to take a chance. Do you? Shocking Animals Organic meat, fish and poultry is healthier for you. Organic farmed animals are raised without severe chemicals, growth hormones or antibiotics. Pesticides used in ordinary farming dont just affect the animal who eats it f irst. They accumulate in their tissues (mostly fat). Animals on top of the food chain get the highest concentration of these chemicals. Conventional animals full of toxins and dirt.A cow, chicken or pig will retain most of the pesticides it has ever eaten (directly or indirectly through other animals). Factory farm animals are fed great quantities of (polluted) fish, food doused in pesticides and fed many unnatural compounds never eaten by wild animals. Inorganic animal food (meat, fish, dairy and eggs) is a main source of pollution to the environment. According to research animal food contribute to as much as 95% of the toxic chemical residues in the American diet. Meat, fish and poultry have 10 measure the amount of the dangerous chemicals DDT, DDE and TDE as conventional produce.In addition intensive farming is incredibly atrocious to farm animals. One of the most outrageous advantages of organic foods is that organic farms treat their animals much more humane. They place a gre at emphasis on animal welfare. Just for this reasons, switching to an organic living makes sense. And even delve becoming vegan. Save the Environment Organic food facts are especially striking if you consider the environment. Conventional farming methods erode soil and use dangerous pesticides that may take centuries before theyre gone.Think of the DDT, thought to be benign but appeared to be extremely bad for your health. Even though this pesticide has been forbidden for many years now, its still found in virtually all waters, human beings and animals in the world In addition, over time, artificial pest controls become less and less telling, so that even more chemicals must be used or other methods found. One of the coarse advantages of organic food is that buying it has a huge positive impact on the environment, the animals and people who live on it. Organic vs. Non-organicA new study looking at the electromotive force health benefits of organic versus non-organic food found that fruit locomote fed an organic diet recorded better health outcomes than move fed a nonorganic diet. The study from the lab of Southern Methodist University biologist Johannes H. Bauer, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, found that fruit flies raised on diets of organic foods performed better on several tests for general health. locomote on organic food performed better on some health tests The data demonstrated that flies raised on organic food extracts by-and-large performed better on the majority of health tests, reported the researchers.It mud unclear why organic diets delivered better health, the researchers said. The Bauer lab results come at a time when the health effects of organic food are widely debated. Prior studies by other researchers have found conflicting results when reviewing the scientific literature for data. While several studies have shown elevated nutrient content and lower pesticide contamination levels in organic food, a recent human beingsation reporting a large-scale abbreviation of all available studies concluded no clear trend was apparent. Organic farming only uses naturally occurring chemicals or traditional remedies to control pests and diseases.According to public perception, organic food is the healthy option. Sales of organic produce have rocketed over the past few years with the organics industry sending out messages of safer, healthier food created by farming practices which are better for the environment. But is it really as good as we think? Critics implore that organic farming leads to the risk of contamination with potentially dangerous bacteria and organize toxins, and increased levels of natural pesticide found in organic produce could even be as dangerous as synthetic chemicals. So who do we believe? Are organic fruit and vegetables as harmless as they appear?And why do they cost so much? In this piece, common views about this subject are discussed. Is organic food the healthier option? Is it as safe as the public think? Many in the public perceive organic food as the healthy option. However, organo-sceptics argue that organic food may not be as safe as we think. The publics viewpoint is based on the fact that no synthetic pesticides or fertilizers are used in organic agriculture leading to the assumption that no pesticide residues are present on the products. Without the use of pesticides, organic crops develop a natural defense mechanism in the form of chemicals all called phenols.The organic supporters pick out that these chemicals are antioxidants and that organic fruit and vegetables are better at protecting the body from cancers and heart disease. Organic-sceptics argue that these natural pesticides may be a potential health risk and insist that there is no evidence to show health gains from organic food. The lack of evidence, however, may be due to the difficulty in conducting such a study. The use of manure as a fertilizer in organic farming leads to fears of contamin ation of produce with bacteria such as E.coli which could lead to food poisoning.However, it has been shown that by composting the manure for a precise time at an exact temperature, the amount of bacteria present is greatly reduced. As vast as these conditions are adhered to, the risk of food poisoning is kept to a minimum. Another significant concern regarding organic farming is the contamination of produce with toxic substances produced by moulds called mycotoxins. There is a greater chance of crops being vulnerable to moulds if they are damaged by insects or weather.The organic lobby argues that although less effective fungicides are used in their farming methods, organic produce is less prone to fungal ravish as crops are not fed with chemicals known as nitrates which may make plant cells in conventional crops more vulnerable to fungal growth. Are the levels of pesticides used in conventional farming enough to damage health? The quantities of pesticides used in agriculture are declining as the industry is developing more efficient methods of delivery and pesticides which have the ability to target specific pests more accurately.Pesticides have played an important role in improving crop yields but are often hazardous materials. Care must be taken when using such materials to ensure that they are applied as advised to sully risks associated with misuse. Before a pesticide can be used commercially its safety must first be proved. The law requires that only pesticides approved by Government regulators shall be sold, supplied, used, stored or advertised. This ensures that the levels and toxicity of all pesticides used in agriculture are at a safe level. Is organic farming a practicable option in the developing world?It is argued that without pesticides and genetically modified crops, farming is not economically viable in the developing world. Non-organic farming allows you to farm land that would otherwise not be farmable. Yields are high and costs are low . However, there is a worry that intensive farming in these countries will smash the fertility of the land and in the long run organic farming will secure the future for sustainable farming. Why is the determine of organic produce so high? Crop rotations, higher animal welfare standards and restricted use of chemicals, leading to lower yields, all mean that organic food costs more to produce.Subsidies from the government are paid mainly to farmers with non-organic farms allowing them to keep their prices low. The pro-organic lobby argues that when buying non-organic food you are in fact paying threefold once at the counter, second via taxation and third to amends the environmental pollution. As the sector develops and technologies are improved, the cost of organic food should decrease as yields increase and production costs decrease. Organic Food market From economic point of view, organic market is suppuration very fast worldwide. A simple statistics can tell a lot.According to Data oversees Organic Food Global Industry Guide, the global organic food market grew nearly 10% in 2009 to reach a value of $60 billion and market is forecasted to have a value of $96. 5 billion in 2014. Organic agriculture offers enormous trade opportunities for farmers in the developing and least developed countries. This organic market expansion makes it possible for farmers to reap the benefits of a trade with relatively high price premiums. Food producer have also found fast developing markets for natural and organic products.One example is Earthbound Farm, a company that grows and sells organic product. It started in 1984 as a 2. 5-acre raspberry farm in Californias Carmel Valley. Founders Drew and Mera Goodman wanted to do the skilful thing by farming the land organically and producing food theyd feel good about serving to their family, friends, and neighbors. Today Earthbound Farm has become the world largest producer of organic vegetables, with 40000 acres under plug, annual sells of $480 million, and products available in 75% of America supermarkets.Organic farming, on the other hand, promotes the health of both consumers and the environment contrast to modern farming. The main problem with modern agriculture, however, is that the synthetic chemicals never disappear. When we eat a mango grown using synthetic pesticides, traces of the pesticides remain in the mango, and the chemicals end up in our fat cells. Similarly, cotton grown using synthetic chemicals retains traces of the chemicals after it is woven into a fabric. Chemicals, used for cultivation are then absorbed into the plant, air, soil, water, and eventually, our bodies.Started after mid 1950s reaction against modern toxic farming methods, organic farming excludes the use of synthetic pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers, and genetic engineering. Organic farmers respect their land they feed and build the soil with natural fertilizers they protect crops against insects using natural insec t predators, barriers, or traps and they control weed growth with crop rotation, hand weeding, cover crops, and mulches.In the past decade, the organic agriculture market has grown exponentially because more consumers are learning that organic farming is better for them and their environment. How can we market Organic Products? The marketing sit used in conventional agriculture is not easily applied to organic systems. Currently, local elevators that accord organic grains are not common, though they do exist in some areas. Farmers that transition to organic production must also transition their marketing strategies. Whether growing organic grains, herbs, fruits and vegetables, or raising organically certified livestock, marketing becomes an additional consideration.Producers who have always sold to local elevators will find that quality time will be needed to do a good job with marketing organic products. Organic Foods Strategic Marketing and Communications The Go Green trend is q uickly gaining momentum. Law makers are actively working to pass legislation that promotes the development of green energy sources, manufacturers are researching technologies that can be used to produce new biodegradable products, and USDA certified organic foods are increasingly finding their way into every home. More than other green initiatives, the demand for organic foods has soared in recent years.With the effectuation of new federal requirements for labeling of natural and organic foods, and the growing research that suggests connect between foods produced using antibiotics, hormones, pesticides, irradiation or bioengineering and illnesses such as cancer, Parkinsons disease and Alzheimers disease, consumers are gaining confidence in the quality and benefits of organic foods and increasingly rejecting their conventionally produced counterparts. As young people grow up consuming organic foods and learn to accept them as healthier and more eco-friendly, the organic foods ind ustry will continue to gain market share.Many organic farmers link in to existing networks of organic wholesalers, exporters and processors. Others use the prospect provided by their change to organic, to take on a completely different approach such as direct marketing to consumers. This fact sheet discusses some of the options for marketing of organic produce and poses some questions to be considered as we develop our marketing strategy. A small but rapidly growing market The market for organic food and fiber has been growing around the world for some years now. It is however still very small, making up only about one per cent of the world total market value.One of the risks associated with supplying product into a small market, is that of oversupply of certain products, leading to depressed prices. To help avoid this situation, some market research is vital early in the process of considering organic reincarnation and certification, as highlighted below. Some organic farmers man age the risk of oversupply in organic markets by selling into conventional markets when necessary. This means sacrificing any organic price premium, but can help to stabilize prices in the organic market a benefit in the longer term. Organic price premiums.Many organic products receive a price premium, justified by higher costs of production under organic management. Such premiums are not guaranteed and can be influenced by the supply and demand situation and product quality. Whether or not your produce is likely to attract a premium price, and whether or not a premium is necessary for economic viability, should be considered during your market research and development of a marketing strategy. image marketing options early One of the first steps in the process towards organic certification is to distinguish marketing options.We should ideally have our markets organized before you begin certification, especially if you think you will need to receive a price premium to cover extra costs arising from organic management. The change to organic marketing may be easy if you al sterilise sell direct to end-consumers or retailers who might experience the access to organic produce, or to wholesalers and exporters who have links to organic markets. If your wholesalers/exporters currently have no links with the organic industry, are they interested in pursuing organic certification to diversify their business?If not, some research may be required to identify suitable alternative marketing options. Develop a marketing strategy When you are planning your change to organic farming and are looking at marketing options, take the time to consider what your marketing objectives are and how you might achieve them. Pulling this and other relevant information together into a marketing strategy will help us to snap your efforts in the most productive areas. Some key points to consider are Be closely involved in selling your produce or leave it to a professional marketer?Maintai n a diversity of markets to spread the risk in case the usual supply chain fails for you? Have direct receive with end consumers? Use customer feedback to guide farm production (e. g. crop varieties and seasonal availability)? growing financial security by improving returns? Consider different marketing options Following are options that organic farmers commonly use to market their produce, along with some of their pros and cons from a farmers perspective. Often a range of different options will be used to balance the risk, the workload and the prices obtained. 1. command to consumers 2. Direct to retailers 3. Direct to Wholesaler 4. Use mass media Look for opportunities to tell a story that gets media attention as this exposes potential new customers to our organic business and products. One area of fortune is to piggy-back onto relevant local, state, national and global events. For example, contact local media with an interesting story about National Organic Week (e. g. highli ght local organic production and produce availability) Earth Day and World Environment Day (e. g. how organic farming reduces environmental impacts).Organic Day (e. g.promote citizen buying organic produce within the country as an example) National channelize Day (e. g. plant a treed spray buffer) World wetlands day (e. g. how your farm protects its wetland) Organic Food in Bangladesh Organic certification is the parallel tool needs to develop getting the market opportunity worldwide. Those who intend to label and market their foods as organic will usually seek certification intimately certainly if they grow for the export market. However, many farmers practice organic techniques without seeking or receiving the premium price given to organic food in some markets.This includes many traditional farming systems found in developing countries. Agriculture that meets organic production standards, but that is not subject to organic inspection, certification and labeling, is referred to as organic by default. While economic and institutional conditions differ, both certified organic agriculture and organic agriculture by default rely on the same technology and principles. Although the results might be similar, organic agriculture by default may not always represent a deliberate choice between alternative productions. Organic certification focuses on this part.We may have a huge farm producing by default organic product. Organic certification will just convert it certified and added a huge value. Organic certification scheme varies from country to country regulators. The two sources of general principles and requirements presidency organic production and trade are Firstly, the Basic Principles of the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM), a private sector international body, with some 750 member organizations in over 100 countries. IFOAM defines and regularly reviews, in consultation with its members, the Basic Standards that shape the organic term.According to IFOAM basic standards organic agriculture is a whole system approach based upon a set of processes resulting in a sustainable ecosystem, safe food, good nutrition, animal welfare and social justice. Organic production therefore is more than a system of production that includes or excludes certain inputs. But in order to access the major organic markets in Europe and United States, one has to comply with specific regulations that are instituted in these countries. These are Regulation 834/07 in the case of Europe and the National Organic Programmed (NOP) in the case of United States.Certification Bodies operating following to a higher place stated standards, need to take accreditation from an accreditation body under ISO/IEC Guide 65 for demonstration their competence. Bangladesh Accreditation Board (BAB) is ready to play its role in this regards. We expect our entrepreneurs to come forward with initiative for launching organic farming and organic certific ation body. BAB will provide all necessary support as national Accreditation Body.

Abusive Usage of Internet Can Destroy Society Essay

Abusive Usage of Internet Can Destroy Society - sample ExampleAdditionally, it has provided a convenient means of conducting business, networking and social interaction. In the midst of all these remarkable fetes, meshing also poses great threats to the comparable society that it has benefited. Arguably, use of net profit within rational realms is safe and just both in short and long term. Internet usage in the workplace makes the operations quick, effective, and reliable. However, insult of the earnings in an organization ahs detrimental effects that can destroy the organization and the society (Anandarajan, 2006, p. 15-17). This paper, in that locationfore, presents an contention on how abusive usage of internet can destroy society. Sedentary Behavior The fact that internet has made communication possible by just a click of a button poses a serious threat to the society. It is a common phenomenon to see people bewilderting in front of their computers the consentaneous da y and get all their needs accomplished. Whereas it is possible to meet our needs through internet use, the same can potentially pose a great health risk to the society. Sedentary behavior has accommodate the order of the day as the society use internet for virtually all activities. It is only a matter of time before an appreciable size of the society becomes physically inactive. Indeed, some scientists put up flagged inactive behavior as one of the causes of overweight, obesity, stress, and other related diseases. This is certainly destroying the society and the same will sustain unless the society develops moderate use of the internet. Overdependence Although the internet is a relevant source of entropy, overdependence on the internet is arguably one of the factors that have led to a lazy society and ridiculous quality of education. Ideally, all the nurture we need is in the internet and hence students and researchers have turned to the internet for the provision of this in formation quite of going to the libraries and other physical sources (University of Notre Dame, 2008, p.1). This has led to immense levels of laziness since the students will only need to sit in front of a computer and do their studies. In addition, the overdependence on the internet has led to poor quality of educations as the students and researches simply rely on the internet information with no further insights to the topics in question. Hence, issues of plagiarism that negate quality are very rampant in the modern information sector. Moreover, unwarranted time spent on the internet can jeopardize a marriage, as the partners will have no time for marital issues (Young, 1998, p.222-224). Moral and Ethical issues The internet has clear-cut avenues to immorality and unethical behaviors. Where there are no age limitations to the access of internet in the world, the internet contains subtle and immoral information that is highly accessible to all. Contents of pornography (Erooga, 2 012, p.14), drug abuse, terrorism, and other unpleasant attributes feature in the internet (Asian School of Cyber Laws, 2003, p.2). Additionally, children can become victims of sex offenders who use the internet to target children, lure them, and communicate with other sex offenders (Davidson, 2008, p.66). Students and minors misuse the internet by accessing the sites that influence them to immoral and unethical behaviors. Teens copy these behaviors therefore degrading morality in the society. In addition, internet users misuse the internet by login to music sites manage YouTube and downloading videos, movies, and audio music free. These acts promote music piracy and are against music copyrights and patents. Hence, they are unethical as they deny the music producers and artists their due returns. This oppression