Environmental Studies Class Journal Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Environmental Studies Class Journal - cutting Study ExampleIt would be helpful if we could shut down some of the less efficient plants, regular(a) if we cant close all of them. Natural gas is one of the states largest source of zip fastener and only 10% of the states nothing comes from re novelables, mostly geothermals followed by biomass, wind, and solar. Economic analyses are decision-making tools for energy shake offs and techniques to choose among a number of different options. They do not include the benefit to the environment, the benefit to society, or whether youre being a good neighbor. Objectives for this unit are to understand that these analyses can range from simple to interwoven, be able to review and understand assumptions, be well-known(prenominal) with the limits, and be able to run through simulation calculations. Types of economic analyses include rough order of order estimates for budget purposes (ROM), Simple payback, and Internal rate of return (IRR). These are used both on new building projects and retrofits. Investment decision types involved in analyses include to accept or reject a single project or system operation, to select an optimal efficiency level for a building system, select an optimal system type from competing alternatives, select an optimal combination of interdependent systems, and/or run competing projects to allocate a limited budget. Assumptions are everything. They define the project and state the objectives, they establish first equal, follow of energy, cost of labor and materials, cost of maintenance, cost of money, tax credits, and inflation. You need to know where they came from, which ones are solid as compared to guesses, and how to adjust when solid numbers are available. To get an idea of how to do this, we looked at the simple payback analysis. The equation is simple payback (in years) = cost divided by savings where the cost is the cost of the project in dollars and the savings are annual energ y savings in dollars. In comparing options, you infer the cost of one benefit over the other. For cost, you should list the assumptions and the sources you used to reach that number, then use the cost difference between the different options. Do the same thing for savings, convert all units to dollars per year. We looked at a refrigerator analysis as an example in which the simple payback was about one and a half years. Then we looked at the example of a water heater which included more complex variables. These two examples really helped demonstrate the meaning(a) role played by the assumptions that effects the overall solution. The example with the compact fluorescent bulbs showed how to use the spreadsheet program to help us work out the details and allows us to change the variables when we need to, for example if an assumption has changed. After the break, we looked at an online tool that would do these analyses which showed why its important for us to be able to check these fi gures for ourselves and then moved on to talk about energy action plans. The second half of class looked at an energy action plan. This was accomplished by looking at the specific example of Stanford University. He talked about the importance of knowing the location, acquiring management interested, getting the users involved, the maintenance people involved, and performing the energy audit from a variety of perspectives. Things that were important in this part were involving maintenance, the design team, the issue of capital improvement, non-stop measurement,